The risks posed by money laundering and corruption to the global Essay

The dangers presented by tax evasion and debasement to the worldwide money related framework and global business - Essay Example This is on the grounds that it includes breaking of one’s obligation. Additionally, debasement has been connected with illegal tax avoidance. This is on the grounds that tax evasion involves disguising reserves that have been produced through illicit methods. Tax evasion is frequently directed globally since the covering of the unlawful subsidizes involves moving it across universal outskirts. The cash is then kept or put resources into genuine foundations to cause it to show up as though it was produced legitimately. Along these lines, there is requirement for exhaustive methodologies to manage debasement and illegal tax avoidance. This is on the grounds that cash got through defilement is frequently utilized for washing purposes. Thusly, illegal tax avoidance and defilement wrongdoings are frequently interlaced and require to be managed simultaneously. This paper centers around examining the dangers presented by tax evasion and debasement to the worldwide budgetary framework and universal business. Moreover, the article will involve recognizable proof of the adequacy of the current universal endeavors in managing these dangers. As of now, defilement is viewed as one of the significant impediments hampering worldwide financial turn of events. This is on the grounds that it is a significant wrongdoing influencing numerous countries and obstructs practical monetary turn of events. Moreover, defilement is a significant worldwide worry since it hampers worldwide business. Besides, worldwide defilement is progressively entangled since it requires participation of various governments to manage it. Then again, tax evasion is viewed as a significant benefit driven wrongdoing confronting worldwide organizations and budgetary frameworks. In reality, the defilement and illegal tax avoidance are firmly connected. In addition, they keep on assuming a major job in compromising global business tasks. This is on the grounds that illegal tax avoidance quickens debasemen t and the other way around (Lilley 2006; Chaikin and Sharman 2009). Dangers Posed By Money Laundering and Corruption to the Global Financial System and International Business previously, illegal tax avoidance was seen as a methods for cleaning messy cash got through crimes, for example, sedate dealing. In any case, it has been understood that illegal tax avoidance involves more that this and it is a wrongdoing. Since most crimes include debasement, illegal tax avoidance improves defilement by empowering hoodlums disguise their exercises. The impacts of debasement are prominent in social, financial, and politic settings. If there should be an occurrence of global business, debasement and illegal tax avoidance add to contortion of the money related markets. This is on the grounds that these unfortunate activities spread starting with one money related market then onto the next effectively (Chaikin and Sharman 2009). Debasement and tax evasion are a worldwide concern. This is on the gr ounds that there is expanding impersonation of the types of defilement utilized starting with one nation then onto the next. In situations where cash acquired through debasement mean is moved and put resources into another organization somewhere else, the organizations included may begin clashing. Accordingly, defilement and tax evasion undermine global business relations since they make universal questions. Such questions frequently include banks (Lilley 2006). Tax evasion prompts production of illicit plans planned for covering unlawfully earned resources. In this manner, it turns out to be hard for debasement cases to be distinguished. In this manner, debasement and illegal tax avoidance influence the legal framework making it difficult to forestall instances of defilement, which are difficult to recognize. In reality, the

Why we should not allow performance-enhancing drugs in sports Essays

Why we ought not permit execution improving medications in sports Essays Why we ought not permit execution upgrading drugs in sports Essay Why we ought not permit execution upgrading drugs in sports Essay Execution improving medications significantly impact sports and competitors. Players need to follow through on overwhelming cost for their life when associated with utilizing execution upgrading drugs. In spite of the fact that medications improve athlete’s exhibitions like games innovation and gear however its training isn't remunerated by competitor fans. It is an all inclusive viewpoint of masses that players must mirror their normal ability to give predominant execution which is appreciated with extraordinary enthusiasm. Yet, a few supporters and competitors contradict this announcement and contend for hugeness of execution tranquilizes in sports. The fundamental issue in today’s sport is that on what grounds, these medications are prohibited that can assist them with getting progressively out of their preparation and practice. A few challengers contend that medications and unique eating regimens have consistently been a piece of the Olympics and allowing competitors to devour medications may upgraded their insight into the human body and such medications could support sport investment. Activists who are against permitting execution upgrading drugs quarrel that if individuals realize the competitor has misleading, they won't generally appreciate viewing their presentation so much. The current paper centers around the hot subject which is rotating in the utilization of execution upgrading drugs in sports. It gives solid contentions against permitting execution improving medications with steady realities. It is voiced by despots that triumph at all won't be valued if drugs are utilized by competitor. Allowing medications could likewise prompt easygoing use for the individuals who should develop their muscle tone. On the off chance that general society came to realize that sports pivot just medications and less physicality, the watchers at home and crowd at sports challenges will diminish quickly. In such a case, spot association needs to confront genuine monetary issues for the competitors. Medication outrages may make the media and athletic supporters shuffle around with their guarantee to that specific game. Competitors were utilizing medications to upgrade their exhibition from early occasions. In the rounds of the third Olympiad, Thomas Hicks won the long distance race in the wake of accepting an infusion of strychnine in the race (Seventh Report of Session 2003-2004). The main authority prohibition on animating substances by a donning association was started by the International Amateur Athletic Federation in 1928. In 1976, the East German swimming crew won 11 out of 13 Olympic occasions, and later made lawful move the legislature for giving them anabolic steroids (New York Times 2004). The utilization of illicit substances is common in spite of the wellbeing dangers, and regardless of the controlling body’s endeavors to annul drugs from sport. Most competitors are likewise generally unrealistic to ever experience testing. The International Amateur Athletic Federation approximates that solitary 10-15% of taking part competitors are tried in every fundamental challenge. Everybody perceives that medications are contrary to the principles. Game coordinators must need to characterize the principles of game. In the event that the medications are authorized and uninhibitedly accessible, the outcomes will be risky such wellbeing perils and misfortune confidence of open. Individuals perform well at sport because of the hereditary cosmetics that happened to give them an enrapturing hand. The capacity to perform well in games is dictated by the capacity to convey oxygen to muscles. Oxygen is conveyed by red platelets. The more red platelets, the more oxygen player can convey. This thus controls an athlete’s execution in oxygen consuming activity. In the event that it is raised normally, it is all around acknowledged. In any case, the infusion of EPO which is a characteristic hormone that animates red platelet creation, expanding the stuffed cell volume (PCV) the level of the blood included red platelets was authoritatively prohibited in 1985 on the grounds that it is against sports morals (JAMA 1996; 276:231-7). Wellbeing factor engaged with utilizing EPO intravenously is that raising the PCV excessively high by this infusion can cause genuine medical issues. The danger of mischief rapidly increases as PCV gets above half.

How to Write Essay Topics - Create Your Own Topic

How to Write Essay Topics - Create Your Own TopicHow to write essay topics is a common question that all students ask at some point in their education. Students also consider the topic of the assignment to be the main thing that is important. It is true that the topic will help you in writing, but it should not be the only factor. There are different factors that you need to consider while writing an essay.The first and the most important is the topic. You need to know your topic thoroughly before going to do the task. Knowing your topic is one of the most basic steps for how to write essay topics.Secondly, you need to do research on the subject matter. You need to gather as much information as possible from the internet or library. From the research, you can create a list of the most common topics and the best ones are to be chosen.Next, you need to organize your essay topic. An organized essay is able to produce a good grade.Thirdly, you need to come up with an interesting title fo r your topic. This is done because the title serves as a first impression for the reader. So, you need to create a great title in order to make your topic stand out.Fourthly, you need to think about the structure. You need to determine whether you want a thesis statement or a conclusion statement. You should consider the pros and cons of both types of the approach. For example, the thesis statement is commonly used while the conclusion statement is used for more personal essays.These are some of the common elements that are needed in how to write essay topics. Just like other subjects, you also need to decide which style you want to use.Writing is always a rewarding experience. Just like other subjects, how to write essay topics is all about brainstorming and coming up with original ideas.

Aliens Gender Roles Enchaned By Cyborgs - 1587 Words

Alien Notes- Cyborgs Exosuit. Aliens Gender Roles: Enchaned by cyborgs . Nobody believes her. Even the other woman smoking cigarette in suit. Man recoomends her for psychiotiatric evaluation. Liutenant Gorman Colonial Marine Core LV 126. Lost contact with colony. Colonial Marines-trained to deal with situations. Soldiers. Have lots of firepower â€Å"can handle any situation.† They want Ripley as an advisor. Ripley seems to be in charge. Burke trying to convince Ripley. Has nightmares and contacts Burke. Says she will only go back if they agree to â€Å"wipe them out† not just study them† Marine car hyper exaggerated how tough they are. Girls are like men. â€Å"Who’s snow white† referring to ripley. Acting like vasquex is so tough. Tells manly joke is like one of the guys. Doing pull ups, super tough. The marines tell super innapropriate jokes, really offensive to act super tough. Bishop- Android. Begas the marines to not do 5 finger felay. Marines so tough they play 5 finger felay with bishop how sharp he is. Android- Prefers term articial person. A2’s were a bit twitchy. Impossible to harm another human being. Reason he can’t hurt guy in 5 finger felay. Ripley is distrusting of Androids. Marines smoking ciagreets during Ripley’s speech. Vasquez looking bored of Ripley. Ignores her details and once to find the aliens only, acts tough. Hudson speaks out against own military officer again emphasizing his toughness. Challenges his authority. Ripley asks if there’s

Pynchon’s Vision of America in The Crying of Lot 49 Essay

First published in 1965, The Crying of Lot 49 is the second novel by American author Thomas Pynchon. The novel follows Oedipa Mass, a young Californian housewife, after she unexpectedly finds herself named the executrix of the estate of Californian real estate mogul, and ex-boyfriend, Pierce Inverarity. In reflecting on their history together, Oedipa recalls how her travels with Pierce helped her acknowledge, but not overcome, the poignant feeling that she was being held paralyzed and isolated from the world (and others) within a staid, middle-class existence by some invisible and nefarious external force. Moreover Oedipa struggles to understand why Pierce would name her the executor of his will considering her deep ignorance of finance,†¦show more content†¦To assess this vision of an American society heading towards stasis developed in The Crying of Lot 49, one must first discuss the concept of entropy. Broadly speaking, entropy refers both to the level of disorder and uncertainty in a system.The concept originates from thermodynamics, where it is used to describe the thermal energy in heat engine that is unavailable to be converted into work (i.e. transferred through a change in form or location).The second law of thermodynamics stipulates that within a self-contained system like a heat engine, the aggregate measure of entropy must remain the same or increase over time because with no external energy inputs, the system’s net energy flow gradually subsides as the gaps between its higher and lower energy particles decrease through the transfer of heat as they interact. This diminishing gap between particle energy levels, denoted in part by a stabilization in temperature and phase state (e.g. solid, liquid, or gas), reflects the system’s progression towards a state of thermodynamic equilibrium, or maximum entropy, where particles regress into towards a uniform set of cha racteristics and inertness as the net energy flow grows infinitesimal. In moving towards equilibrium the system also becomes increasingly disordered because in losing their distinctiveness particles become fungible, rendering attempts to impose order and coherence on the system by drawing relations and distinctions betweenShow MoreRelated PARADISE FLUBBED: Pynchon the New World Essay4618 Words   |  19 Pagesacross the sky, it is the sound of a V-2 rocket arcing up and over the English Channel.But the rockets vapor trail (which Pirate Prentice sees from kneedeep in the primordial mulch of his bananararium) points further on: over the Atlantic, on toward America, the New World, Tyrone Slothrops yearned-for, perhaps illusory home. The rockets path ends a fraction of an inch above the readers head, the rocket suspended, poised ... A tableau representing the possibile if not quite realized Apocalypse

Freedom Essay - 942 Words

I believe rationality is incorrectly dictated by society. Generally when one is irrational he or she is contradicting the quot;normalquot; or what everyone is programmed to do. Kant says quot;Can you also will that your maxim should become a universal law.quot;1 In part I agree to the theory of universal law where quot;rationalquot; is judged by universality or what everyone should do. In fact we know that primitive societies were not built on rationality. I believe that we are intrinsically rational and irrational. In my opinion , taking the daouist view, having the ability to be rational and irrational, a hybrid of both, gives an individual the ability to be rational. Kant says quot;These, so far from hiding a good will or†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Kant says that quot;To assure ones own happiness is a dutyquot;3 Here I like what Kant says but with different meaning. I believe duty is freedom and happiness is indicative of irrationality. In fact I will g o to the extent of saying that happiness is freedom. Freedom is a duty, so we need irrationality and must just simply do it by any means. Everyone needs different degrees of freedom, hence different degrees of irrationality. Our duty is to free ourselves from the jails of rational society. I also believe this is the root of many who compulsively watch television or those who tend to drink. It is safe to say that the majority of Americans adopt both as the leading quot;past-time hobbies.quot; In my interpretation, both are an attempt for irrationality without disturbing the universality law factor so they maintain the title rational. Furthermore, many tend to love the particular actors who quot;question authorityquot;, authority being the mass, hence the actor or actress is labeled irrational. When one follows a particular quot;movie star/squot; or feels the need to watch fictional movies they are living through someones irrationality. In addition, when one is intoxicated he or she c an become irrational, its accepted by the mass, so it is titled rational. All driven by duties. On the other hand many individuals dayShow MoreRelatedFreedom Of Exercise And Freedom975 Words   |  4 PagesFreedom of Exercise One of the key principles the United States of America was founded upon was the idea that religious freedom was an inalienable right. Many who sailed to new world were pilgrims who believed the land was a promised land, sacred. They also believed the new world would allow them to escape religious persecution. When the Constitution was developed in 1787, the First Amendment addressed the relationship between the government and religion stating, â€Å"Congress shall make no law respectingRead MoreThe Bill Of Rights And Freedom Of Freedom1470 Words   |  6 PagesThe freedom of religion and expression:the freedom of the press, the right to assemble to protest and petition the government. To me the First Amendment means that you have the right to freedom of expression and be allowed to express who you are without being judged. This amendment was added to The Bill of Rights and it’s for people to have freedoms in the U.S. This Amendment is important because if not there would ha ve been many angry people in the U.S because they wouldn’t have any freedom to doRead MoreFreedom Is The Highest Point Of Freedom1880 Words   |  8 PagesFreedom has its different demographics and views it can perceived into in which I don’t think it can ever justify to a deserved definition. I think we certainly live in the theory and allusion of freedom but also compared to a vast amount of countries it is definitely looked upon as a free society. A country could never reach the highest point of freedom because that is something of the unordinary and we as a country are more close to freedom than any other country will be. Being able to expressRead MoreFreedom Of The Media And Freedom Of Speech1540 Words   |  7 PagesBC when Socrates was forced to drink poison for his â€Å"corruption of youth† (Mette), which can be seen as silencing one man for the betterment of everyone, but there is always an ample amount of opinions on such a controversial topic as Fr eedom of the press, or Freedom of Speech. Many nations today believe that very strict and regulated system of governing the media and entertainment is the best answer, such as China, where â€Å"censorship was considered a legitimate instrument for regulating the moralRead MoreThe Bill Of Rights And Freedom Of Freedom1470 Words   |  6 PagesThe freedom of religion and expression:the freedom of the press, the right to assemble to protest and petition the government. To me the First Amendment means that you have the right to freedom of expression and be allowed to express who you are without being judged. This amendment was added to The Bill of Rights and it’s for people to have freedoms in the U.S. This Amendment is important because if not there would have been many angry people in the U.S because they wouldn’t have any freedom to doRead MoreFreedom of Speech and Freedom of the Press in Nigeria972 Words   |  4 Pagesconsists of 36 states and its Federal Capital, Abuja. Freedom of Speech in Nigeria has been talked about for many years. Campaigns have been put in place against the government to come up with new laws that protect the people, and the press, to express their opinions and what they believe in. According to Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948), â€Å"Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression: this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seekRead MoreThe Amendment Of The Bill Of Right : Freedom Of Religion And Freedom1460 Words   |  6 Pages Civil liberties are individual freedoms which are protected from the government by the Bill of Rights. There were historical backgrounds to guarantee the freedom. Although they are ruled in the Constitution, it is not easy to protect the diversity and individual freedom in the society, and not all conflicts have been settled today. Yet, people are in a process to improve democratic society which is not a finished produ ct, and freedom in all its forms improves itself over time. I am going to explainRead MoreAcademic Freedom1508 Words   |  7 PagesAcademic freedom in Kenya Freedom is a basic to education in modern democracies. Freedom in education can be categorized in the various aspects such as; Freedom of the child, academic freedom and freedom to read. Mc’Garry and Ward, (1966) puts it: A free society and a free world imply a free educational system and a freedom within the framework of maximum control. In such a closed society they maintained, freedom in education may consist of ability to say or do in consequential things. The legalRead MoreEssay on Freedom1303 Words   |  6 PagesFreedom remains the sole basis for American society as we know it. Without freedom the great nation of America would have never been founded. To understand the true principles of freedom, one must understand the scope of the word. Philosophical freedom encompasses the ability to make choices without restraints, while political freedom is the state of being free rather than in physical confinement. Despite the importance of these ideas to our founding father s, freedom has lost much of its importanceRead MoreFreedom of Expression1919 Words   |  8 Pagesabove surely has been presented throughout history as an archetype of this concept, specifically noting freedom of expression as a right to which all hold possession. The assertion of this right is well represented in the Unites States Bill of Rights. Within that document the First Amendment specifically restricts governmental powers prohibiting any such law or act from abbreviating our freedom of speech . This keystone to the American Democratic System spawns dialogue and discourse which forms policy

How Is the Child’s Exploration and Orientation free essay sample

How is the child’s exploration and orientation in his physical environment complimented by the Montessori materials and presentation? Dr. Maria Montessori’s goal of education is to develop a global vision within the children. Montessori calls the path to this perspective â€Å"Cosmic Education†, which develops in children a sense of gratitude for the universe and their lives within it. The concept of cosmic education presents a comprehensive whole picture of the world- a world in which the child sees himself as being a part. Montessori had much to say about world peace. She always says about the importance of developing an understanding of the human problem and restricting human society. She firmly believed that the way to do this was through the child, and that the work of education was to establish a lasting peace. Throughout history, humans have relied on their ingenuity and adaptability for survival. Regardless of race, country ,or culture, people follow similar patterns. After years of careful observation in children, Maria Montessori was able to identify 14 important tendencies that compel human beings to construct and refine the world around them, which she considered these as â€Å"Tendencies of man†, they are exploration, order, gregariousness, communication, abstraction, curiosity, calculation, repetition, concentration, self-control, perfection, creativity, independence and work. The Montessori prepared environment with its carefully chosen and beautifully arranged materials is build around these tendencies. Because of this, Montessori teachers do not need to force their students to; children are naturally drawn to the materials because they appeal to their instinctive drives. Today’s child unconsciously displays the same traits that early human did, and without realizing it,we often stand in the way of their exploration and manipulation because it is an inconvenience to us. When we are able to remove any hinderences to a child’s natural tendencies, the child will flourish and likely surprise us with their pursuit of knowledge, their innovative thinking, and their limitless curiosity. Children are naturally attracted to the nature. So a Montessori environment bust well prepared with natural things such as choice of plants and flowers with a small garden in the outdoor and with some pats such as rabbits, gold fish. These simple things attract the child to study about the plants and animals, to care for them and also to explore specimens found in our living world. The Montessori cultural materials were designed to allow the child to explore an abstract concept in the concrete form. Like the other areas of Montessori curriculum, the sequence of presentation begins with simple to complex and concrete to abstract. The next activity is identifying animals (more specially grouped). This activity also presented in the same way as loosely group, but each group is specifically grouped, for e. g. Birds that can fly and Bird that can’t fly. This activity leads the child further into classification by encouraging groups and also make the child aware of similarities and differences between spices. The next activity in zoology is Jigsaw puzzle of an animal. The materials for this activity are Animal puzzle and identical picture card as control card. The child is given a particular animal puzzle and she will be discussed about that animal. For e. g. Fish, at first the child will be asked â€Å"What is this animal? , What does it eat? , Where does it live? Then the teacher will point each part and asks the child, â€Å"Do you know what part is this? If the child doesn’t know she will teach the names of the parts. Then the teacher will show the child how to place the head in the picture card and she asks the child to place the rest. Then again putting back she reinforces the child by, â€Å"Would you like to put the fin first? In this manner the directress will present the activity. So while working with this material the child will get a sensorial awareness of the different parts of animals and also provide information and increase the child’s vocabulary as well. The next activity in zoology is Terminology cards (Identifying parts of the animals). The materials for this activities are a set of control cards which the parts of the body of a particular animal is highlighted in red and the names of the parts are written on them. The next setof cards are picture cards same as control cards but unnamed and the name tags. There are two cards non-highlighted pictures of a particular animal. This activity also has two presentation one for non-reading child and the other one for reading child. For the non-reading child the teacher will place the non-highlighted pictures of an animal, for e. g. Elephant the control card near the child and she will discuss about elephant. Then she will give any of the highlighted picture of an elephant say for e. g. the head and she will ask , â€Å"Do you know what part is this? If the child knows he will tell, if the child doesn’t know teacher will tell the name of the part, â€Å"Head†. Like wise the child will be discuss each part of an elephant. Then the teacher will gives the picture cards to match with the control cards. For reading child she does the same way as non-reading child, she gives the name tags and have the child read and place it under the correct card. When the child finishes she gives the control cards and ask the child to checks her work. After working with this materials the child will knows the parts of the animals, his vocabulary increase, it develop awareness of similarities and differences in animals, develop child observational and classification skills. The next activity will be Terminology cards; identifying plant parts. This activity presented in the same manner as Terminology cards; identifying animals’ body, but the pictures should be a plant picture and each part of plant is highlighted in red. This activity teach the names of the parts of the plants, it provide information about the plants, develop awareness of similarity and differences in the plants and also it develop the child’s observation and classification skills. The next activity is flower pressing. Children love flowers, so this activity provides them to work with flowers. They are encouraged to find different types of flowers and leaves and they are showed how to press them and make lovely greeting card, or a design for them to hang in their room wall. This activity prepares the child for art and also it appreciates the design in nature. The next activity in botany is first introduction to the leaf cabinet. This cabinet is same as geometrical cabinet in sensorial area, having three leaf shape drawers and the removable insets which are in green. In this activity children are encouraged to trace the shape of the leaves, there fore it create awareness of the variety of leaf shapes in the environment through visual and muscular knowledge of leaf shapes. So this activity increase the children observation skill, it help foster the child’s respect for the wide diversity of plant forms in the world and also it prepare the child for future works in botany and create interest in designs. The next activity which is an important activity which is presented to the children is the importance of the sun. Teacher talks about the children why sun is important? She tells the children it gives us heat, otherwise it will be cold, it would be difficult for us human , animals and plants to survive. She explains some other important facts about sun. Teacher shows the children how sun is important using chart, the food chain how the sun helps the plants to grow, when the plants grow only animal can eat plant and they can grow, if the animals grow only we can get food from animals, so all are dependent in the single element that is sun. The teacher must be creative and innovative to present this activity. So the children will understand how the sun is important for all living creatures. This activity prepares the child for future work in photosynthesis. The next activity which is presented to the children is growing plants. The children are shown how to grow a plant. They were asked to water the plant daily and also not to expose the pot to the sun too much which cause the plant to dry or die and also they were asked to observe the development daily. This activity teach the children to plant seeds and how to care for plants, it develop a sense of responsibility and ownership in the child and also children will have the concrete experience as to what a plant needs to grow. The last activity presented to the children is plants life stories. The pictures of life cycle of a plant are made as frieze. The picture shows the seed, sun, water and finally a plant. This will be present in the same manner as life stories of animals. By showing each picture the teacher will describe each stage, how water and sun important for the seed to grow and finally how the plant grown fully. This activity help the children to understand the life cycle of plants, to identify the sequence of growth, and also this leads the child to take care of the plants. The next subject which is presented to the children is Geography. Maria Montessori adds this subject in cultural subjects to launch the child’s exploration of the world’s physical environment. Montessori approach always introducing new ideas with concrete objects or pictures for the child to see, touch and manipulate. The first activity which is presented in Geography is Sandpaper globe. The globe which has the continents covered with sandpaper and the sea is painted in blue. The teacher brings the sandpaper globe to the table and shows the child how to feel it with her both hands and she ask the child to feel the same. Then she gives the name of land and water using three period lessons by feeling with her two fingers. So while working with the sandpaper globe initially the child learn things the shape of the world is sphere and that is made up of land and water. The next activity which is presented to the child is the coloured globe. In the coloured globe the continents painted in different colours- Europe is red, Asia is yellow, Africa is green, Australasia is brown, north America is orange, South America is pink and the Antartica is white. Teacher brings the colored globe and sandpaper lobe to the table and shows the child, the coloured globe is same as sandpaper globe. Then using the coloured globe she tells the child that the land on the colored globe is divided by colors and each colour represents masses of land and they are call as continents. While working with the colored globe, the child will become aware of the relative sizes, shapes and positions of the land masses and oceans. The next activity which is presented to the child is Jigsaw map of the world. The Montessori Jigsaw map of the world made up with 2 hemispheres, each with the continents removable as whole puzzle pieces. The colours are the same as the colored globe. It is easier for a young child to see how the world is represented on a flat map. There is a control map for the child to place the pieces on that. Directress will shows the child how to place the pieces on the control map and she invites the child to do the same. The child learns the names of the continents with the Jigsaw map of the world with the three period lessons. The next activity is continent cards. The child will further reinforce to learn the names of the continents with this activity. After learning the names of the continent the child learn about animals which live in each continent. This activity given to the child to relate animals to the continents on which they live. After learning about each continent the child will learn how they are divided into different countries which are areas of land with a name, flag and national anthem. Then the child learns various countries with the pictures from various continents. The child also has a great natural interest in others who are different from him self. The teacher will shows the child any picture of a country flag, the important places, their foods, their festivals and etc. he learns much more about the lives of others through this presentation. The next activity which is presented to the children is introduction of the three elements. The child will be discussed about the three elements and she tells the child theses three elements are very important and without any one of them, earth will not exist† so the child will be aware how important these three elements how to save them from pollution. So children have freedom to choose to their own inner needs. Repetition is necessary for them to master and perfect his skills and build his competency and knowledge. Through free choice and repletion children acquire their knowledge step by step depending on their own needs.